SHORT HISTORY OF MADURA

SHORT HISTORY OF MADURA

Before the 18th century, Madura consisted of kingdoms competing, but often also to implement political union with marriage. Among other things these kingdoms are Arosbaya, Blega, Sampang, Pamekasan and Sumenep.

In addition, the kingdoms of Madura under the supremacy of the royal greater power centered in Java. Between the years 1100-1700, the kingdoms were under the supremacy of the Hindu kingdom in East Java, Islamic kingdoms dipesisir and Surabaya Demak and Mataram kingdom in Central Java.

Peda mid 18th century, Madura is under pengarush VOC / VOC Netherlands. After the VOC was dissolved in 1879, Madura to gradually become part of the Dutch colonial period until the occupation Bala Japanese Army.

After the Proclamation of Indonesian Independence on August 17, 1945, Madura Island's status as residency in East Java province. At the end of 1947, was occupied by the Government Madura Dutch colonizers. To strengthen its grip on the island of Madura, as well as to other regions in Indonesia has occupied, in 1948 formed the State Government Dutch colonizers Madura. Status as the country lasted until the period of recognition of Indonesian sovereignty States in 1949-1950 by the Netherlands.

In the Republic of Indonesia (RIS), Madura is one of the State together with the States, such as the Republic of Indonesia Yokyakarta, East Indonesia, Sundanese, East Sumatra, South Sumatra, East Java, West Kalimantan. Madura status in containers RIS only short-lived, karen in 1950 was also the People Madura has dissolved Parliament and State Madura, and rejoined the Republic of Indonesia (unity in Yogyakarta).

The spirit of Fighting Against Oppression and colonization

Since time immemorial, Madura have the spirit to fight all forms of oppression and colonialism, both by power and force from the outside. It can we know both of legends that developed among the people of Madura and books / articles and reports rulers who once ruled the island of Madura.

1. According to the story of ancient times (± first century ), which was written on palm leaves, at a time of arrival of the enemy kingdom Mendangkawulan from China. In these wars Mendangkawulan repeatedly suffered defeat, so the arrival of a very old and said that in Honey Island Oro (Madura) reside young boy named Raden Segoro (Segoro = sea). King encouraged to ask for help to Raden Segoro if in the battle to win. Raden Segoro departed with weapons Si Nengolo and fight to expel the Chinese army. Many enemy soldiers were killed and Mendangkawulan victory in the battle royal.

2. Another story about heroism of Madurese, is going around the establishment of the kingdom of Majapahit in the 13th century, people who open forest Madura Tarikdan got bauh maja bitter, so the new area called Majapahit. Madura figures of which is Wiraraja, Ox-Sora, Ranggalawe, which helped Raden Wijaya so as to achieve success in establishing the kingdom. When Raden Wijaya chased by soldiers Jayakatwang and Singosari kingdom collapsed, he fled to Sumenep for protection and assistance to Raden Wiraraja and the Duke of Madura is the plan so that Raden Wijaya heir kingdom Singosari can return to power. Indeed Wiraraja or called Lots Wide is the actor intellect that winning the war against the Tartar army sent by I stroke Khan to conquer the kingdom of Java.

Tartar army defeated Jayakatwang Kediri kingdom, but this Tartar army also destroyed by Raden Wijaya with the help of Madurese in high spirits in the fight to repel the enemy.

3. Other events take place around the 15th century, when Dempo Awang (Sam Poo Tualang) a commander of the Chinese State nenunjukkan power to kings in Java and Madura, so they tundek him. In that war, Jokotole of Madura against Dempo Awang who boarded the sailing ship to sail on the sea, on the mountain between earth and sky. Similarly, according to legend. In war it Jokotole riding Flying Horse, at a moment when he heard the voice of his uncle (Adirasa), who said "o'clock", then Jokotole hold the reins with a loud and she turns slapping the whip (whip) of the enemy so that splinters falling apart ,

According to the belief that the ship Dampo Awang splinters ground just above Bancaran (meaning, bâncarlaan), Bangkalan. While the dishes are Dampo Awang fall at the End Plates se

Prince Alit (his brother) was suspected and ordered to be arrested and killed. Raden Maluyo father of Trunojoyo also be korman. Finally also Cakraningrat I (Raden Praseno), general counsel kingdom became victims cleanup.

Trunojoyo forward only because of being pushed to eradicate injustice, kemungkaran and anti-colonialism. Not power and position Trunojoyo life purpose, and this is evident when the crown is in the hands of the Majapahit kingdom power. This crown is hereditary fell into the hands of the kings who controlled Java. Trunojoyo Majapahit never put a crown on his head, was also never called himself as Sesuhunan. Crown in his hand returned to His Majesty, provided that His Majesty wants to Kediri with no friends with the Dutch (meaning: Amangkurat II asked to sever its links with the Netherlands).

5. in the 18th century Dutch Company entered restrictions and oppression are rampant against the power of kings and the people of Madura, so that in the West Madura has been a resistance led by Cakraningrat IV. However, the resistance may be broken because the Company reinforcements from Batavia. Cakraningrat IV kept aside to Banjarmasin, but it finally caught up there anyway, Cakraningrat IV continue to be sent to Kaap de Goede Hoop, and he died there in 1759.

Madurese gave him the name of Prince Sidengkap, because Cakraningrat IV died in exile namely Kaap de Goede Hoop.

6. in the period of Japanese rule, beginning on August 18, 1942, the cruelty of Japanese soldiers stepped-nginjak value and dignity of the people of Madura, and keangkaramurkaannyatelah cause suffering that burden the people, so there has been blazing a 1943 pemberontakandi prajan village, Sampang led local schools ,

Then he and pesantren leaders and others were arrested and shot. Finally, on the intervention of the Japanese Armed Forces (Seiko Sisikan) in Jakarta, they were still being held back and released further slaughter can be stopped.

Sampang

When all ruled by Sultan Agung Mataram, then Cakraningrat I believed to lead this island with berkeraton in Sampang, but he often does not exist in Sampang because by Sultan Agung On the strength needed in Mataram.

At one time he came home from Mataram wife (Queen Mother) told me that he was like the coming of the Prophet Hedir, asking what he aspired and he replied that he wanted the seven offspring in office, Cakraningrat I seemed he was not satisfied with the story of his wife, why not answer to offspring onwards, the queen mother felt sorry and continue in Tears until he died and was buried right place anyway, Cakraningrat I died in Mataram because of a dispute with the Prince Alit, because he stonewall block to kill his brother is Sunan Amangkurat I.

Cakraningrat II succeeded his father and after Trunojoyo defeated kingdom moved from Sampang to Tonjung. At that time Madura split into two is Madura, East and West Madura (see the war Trunojoyo) after Keraton Sampang moved to Tonjung then reigning in Sampang is Raden Ario Purbonagoro son Cakraningrat II, then again replaced by his son named Purbonagoro Ganta 'which Sampang controlled by descendants Purbonagoro commonly called Ghung Purba Purba Ghung grave is still considered kearmat by people Sampang is located in the south houses Pawn Sampang.

Furthermore Sampang led by Raden Ario Mlojokusumo a descendant of Bangkalan, Madura immediately after it was ordered by the Dutch government and appointed as the regent of Sampang is Raden Ario Kusumadiningrat (1885). After Kusumodiningrat died replaced by Raden Ario Tumenggung Condronegoro. After Bpati Condronegoro died replaced by Raden Duke Ario Setyodiningrat of Bangkalan, in 1913 he resigned and was replaced by Raden Duke Ario Cakraningrat. Who succeeded in Sampang is Raden Tumenggung Kartoamiprojo, then moved into the Regent Pamekasan with the title of Duke Ario Kartoamijoyo. Disampang replaced by Raden Ario Sosro Winoto.

In 1931 after he resigned to retirement, then Sampang changed its status just as Kawedanan only. In 1949 the government of the District of Madura Samoang used again by Raden Mohammad Eksan Hero Member and was appointed as regent again. After muhammad Eksan resign with pension rights then Raden Soeharjo appointed instead.

As executors of the Basic Law 1 of 1957, then K.H. Achmad Zaini been sebagaiKepala Regional Level II Sampang until the Act was suspended and replaced by Presidential Edict No. 6 of 1959 aka dualism of leadership in the area removed.

Furthermore, through the nomination of the DPRD-GR Sampang, then M. Mayor Hadi was appointed as head of Regency Sampang Regent 1960 until 1965. After Resigning Hadi Wali, R.S. Hafidz Soeroso B.A nominated instead by DPRD-R and appointed by the Central Government to hold the post of District Head Sampang.

Sampang

In this age of Majapahit in Sampang placed a Kamituwo who rank just as the duke, so arguably kepatihan stand alone. When Majapahit started retreating in Sampang ruling Ario Ox Peteng, Putera Puteri Raja Majapahit with Campa, LembuPeteng finally went lodge in Ampel and died there.

Replacing Kamituwo in Sampang is the oldest puterayang is Ario keratonnya Menger who remain in Madekan. Menger berputera three men are Violating Ario Ario Pratikel (he lived on the island of Gili Mandangil or Goat Island) and Ario Panengah Round Jiwo degree reside in Karangantang.

Pratikel have children, women who marry with Ario Corner and had a son named Kiyai Demat (Demangan is his birthplace) after Demang becomes an adult he often went to the places considered sacred and meditated a few days there, at a time when he is asleep dipertapaannya he dreamed so he kept walking towards Southwestern Palakaran kedesa.

After Demat wakes up he just came home and asked permission to call his parents to fulfill his dream, his mother and father actually mind but what I say, the child's will is very strong. According to the story keep walking towards the Southwestern he ate rudimentary leaves, fruits and anything that can be eaten, and that night he slept in the forest where he can take shelter.

At a time when he stops and rest come upon an old woman giving the gift of the leaves, after the parcel was opened there exists 40 pieces nagasari flowers, no trees wich Nagasari? The old lady replied that the tree in question is located in villages Palakaran not some far from that place.

With the old woman ushered continue towards kedesa Palakaran and accompanied by several people who met on that journey. Arriving in villages that they continue to rest his introduction in place while enjoying a delicious meal which serves delicious is, Nyi Sumekar daughter of the widow. Not lam fell in love with the woman, and they marry, and then they set up a big house, then by those so-called palace city of Anjar (Arosbaya) of marriage Sumekar and Demat born several children with the names as follows:

1. Duke kiyahi Pranomo

2. kiyahi Pratolo

3. kiyahi Pratali

4. Prince Panagkan and

5. kiyahi Pragalbo.

At the time of Palakaran sauatu dream that later would replace him is kiyahi Pragalbo which will lower pemimpi2 good society, the eldest son by his father Pramod told to reside in Sampang and lead the government in the city. He married the daughter Wonorono in Pamekasan because he also mastered Pamekasan so mean Sampang and Pamekasan shelter in the kingdom, as well as Nugeroho (Bonorogo) succeeded his father who berkeraton in Pamekasan two areas that were still under power, after power Bonorogo Sampang apart again with Pamekasan who each ruled by Duke Pamadekan (Sampang) and Pamekasan controlled by Panembahan Ronggo Sukawati, both sons Bonerogo.

Sampang then ruled by Prince Duke Mertosari is the grandson of the daughter of Pramod son of Prince Suhra Jamburingin, so we are told that it is a reality kiyahi  slow down the Kings in Madura.

Jokotole

After Jokotole finished the war he returned to Sumenep, not long after came Adipodaj (father of Jokotole) to meet maternal Jokotole (Yellow Princess).

Island Sapudi

After a few days to Sumenep, he then Sepudi bring Puteri Yellow, at that time in Sepudi the ruling is grandmother Jokotole Panembahan Blingi (Wilingi), after which he died, after it Adipodaj replace his father with a degree Penembahan Wiroakromo, running the government in the area surrounding Sepudi, Panembahan is known already embraced Islam day and night like holding a rosary from the tree Nyamplong, therefore multiply people plant the trees Nyamplong. Palace which he occupied was called the Village Nyamplong, Adipodaj also died on the ground and called Asta Nyamplong grave that until now is still too many people who visits for pilgrimage.

Told that Adipodaj indeed run the government very wisely and what is the goal his can be realized properly, tree nyamplong recommended planted turns the wood is very good to be used as tools boats, island Sepudi of formerly famous cow which cow it was contested in Madura and known as 'race of Cow'.

According to the person it happened because of the ways Adipodaj raising livestock remained rooted in the heart and soul of the people and the people did not dare to change, clues Adipodaj in raising livestock and agriculture are considered to have magical powers to followed and violations are considered to pose a danger Sepudi citizens also become a habit, if there is pestilence attacked the people there they put the tools relics Adipodaj (Calo ', score, etc.) to be paraded in order to deny the existence of the disease outbreak.

Island Kaangean

Another island worth mentioning is Kangean island, this island has been famous since the Age of Majapahit. MPU PRAPANCA State Kertagama writes in his book as follows:

Poem 15 (2)

Firefly tekang homeland Madura planted Iwir parapuri

Ir single Denya mwang Yawadharani rakwekana

Dengu ............................

Poem 14 (5)

Ingkang sakanusa Makasar butun Bangawi

Yellow Ggaliyao mwang ing Salaya Sumba Solot

Muar .................................

So Kangean Island in Majapahit Period called Galiyao. On the island at that time had placed the Duke, the original place of exile for tersebit are people who mendapt severe punishment of the King. But because they fertile land (rice field) and the amount of income earned from the sea (fish) along with its forest product then gradually the island was a trading center as well as many people from Sumenep and from other areas who settled in Kangean.

Told that Jokotole (Setyoadiningrat III) holding government leaders in Sumenep until I was up very satisfactorily for society. At one time there came a messenger from bali with boarded a ship and took note that the crown prince of Bali will come to visit the Sumenep, their arrival welcomed by the King of Sumenep, but once it gets to the Palace they went ballistic-ballistic so many people injured or killed as well as Jokotole he got injured and taken away Lapataman with a bear wearing a stretcher toward the palace long in Banasareh but diperjalanan Jokotole died, it was difficult to look for water for bathing the corpse, because it Raden Ario Begonondo (son Jokotole) stick stick his mother used in Socah and water from tanah.lalu place is called Sa-Asa, which means a place to wash Jokotole and now includes Manding districts, the sister of Jokotole namely Jokowedi immediately came to help after the Bali look very similar Jokowedi with his brother they were scared and fled in his ship.

Jokotole life story contains a lot of "Legend" and we have conducted a review of grave Adipodaj and Jokotole in Grave Nyamplong both graves were considered sacred by the people did not show the form of grave era Jokotole likely form the old cemetery has been replaced with a form of grave today.

Queen Bangkalan # 1

In the literature of the development of Islam in Madura, the figure of Raden Abdul Kadirun did not so much as mentioned. Sultan Bangkalan II is better known as an accomplished government leaders.

Bangkalan I inherit reign of Sultan (Sultan Abdul / Panembahan Duke Tjakraadiningat I), Raden Abdul Kadirun credited with advancing the region at the end of the West Madura. But it does not necessarily eliminate its role in the spread of Islam. Raden Abdul Kadirun known to run his government with Islamic principles.

When Islam ruled in 1815-1847 to grow and become the dominant color in Bangkalan community. Not surprisingly, Rato (leader / government) is so revered figure. A sign that the Sultan Abdul Kadirun so instrumental in the spread of Islam was also seen on the tombstone were constructed in such magnificent, like a palace.

Located on the western side of the mosque Agung Bangkalan, Raden Abdul Kadirun tomb is always filled with pilgrims, especially during Ramadan as it is today. Lunch, even late into the night the strains of the Holy Koran reverberated endlessly. Almost no empty places in every corner of the room as well as the mosque graveyard.

Nuances of old buildings is so thick with carved floral motifs and symbols of the current struggle repel invaders. One tombstone-shaped tomb no royal crown. It is a symbol of a person who is a descendant leaders. Cemetery caretaker said Raden Achmad Yahya Abdul Kadirun an important figure in the history of Bangkalan, even a leader or first regent who fought against the Dutch colonialists.

Raden Abdul Kadirun is keturan Queen Mother, which is located in Arosbaya. Yahya added, Raden Abdul Kadirun the title of Sultan Cakra Adiningrat II is also still has the lineage of the Brawijaya. "He had 16 children, today there are still descendants and often nyekar to this graveyard," said this elderly man.

The tomb complex, can be said to be a family tomb complex. Almost all relatives Sultan buried here. In fact, beloved wife of Sultan namely R. Ayu Masturah or Queen Ajunan, along with several of his sons are buried next to each other and are in a cupola. The inside of the tomb complex built since 1848 are listed clearly dominated by Javanese culture.

"Based on the confessions of the heirs of the Sultan still Javanese wayang kulit and happy," said Yahya. Meanwhile, the Great Mosque muezzins Bangkalan, Supardi said the number of visitors to the mosque and tomb complex continues to increase. Most wanted beritikaf or mengkhatamkan Koran.

Thus, when Prince Cakraningrat I and Raden Maluyo, father Prince Tronojoyo, fall on the battlefield to defend the sovereignty of Mataram during an uprising by Prince Alit, was Sunan Amangkurat I choose to lift Raden Undagan who is also the uncle of Prince Tronojoyo as king in the West Madura with a degree Cakraningrat II ,

In fact, bardasarkan West Madura royal lineage, in fact the rightful Prince Tronojoyo forward dynasty, grandfather of Prince Cakraningrat I. However, because of the ambition both his grandfather and uncle as well as politics DeVeDe et impera conducted Netherlands, Prince Tronojoyo finally knocked out of the throne Kingdom of the West Madura ,

Finally, Prince Tronojoyo any rebellion. This happened around 1648 AD Prince Cakraningrat II and then moved back in the palace of the kingdom of West Madura Madegan, Village Polagan, Sampang village to Pelakaran, Arosbaya, Bangkalan. Because at that time, Prince Tronojoyo troops who did not cooperate with the Dutch colonialists demolished the royal palace in Madegan.

Since then, the history of the existence of the Royal dynasty of West Madura who have experienced its heyday in Madegan, Polagan, Sampang began to fade, even disappeared. Plus, after Prince Tronojoyo fall in a battle against evil committed by both his grandfather and his uncle and expelled the Dutch colonialists from the motherland.

According to the historian Sampang Drs. Daud Ali Bey, until now genealogical Prince Tronojoyo born in Kampung Pebabaran Rongtengah, Sampang, has not been found. Because of the textbook experts Dutch historian, none who wrote about the struggle of Prince Tronojoyo in revolt expelled the Dutch colonialists from the territory of Mataram.

After the 17th century AD, the status Sampang into an area Duchy, with Adipatinya respectively, R. Tomonggong Purbonegoro, R. Ario Meloyokoesuma (reight Besfuurder Gebheid). And since January 15, 1885, led by Duke R. Tomonggong Ario Koesuma Adiningrat (Zelfstending).

Then, successively led by R. Tomonggong Ario Candranegoro, R. Duke Ario Secodiningrat, Ario Suryowinoto R., and R. Tomonggong Kartoamiprojo. While in the year 1929 - 1931 M led by R. Ario Sosrowinoto. Before finally in the years around 1931-1949 AD, the Duchy Sampang into an area Kawedanan in Pamekasan regency.

Queen Bangkalan # 2

Bangkalan residents certainly should be proud, because there save thousands of kinds of tourism potentials duanyadi no other city in the island of Madura. Because there are a grave of a mother, according to the story that gave birth to the kings of Madura. The centuries-old buildings, is still standing strong. Places of pilgrimage tourism is one asset Bangkalan, the GCC has remained well-preserved.

Rato Ebu tomb is located inside the complex Paserean 'Aer Mata', located 25 km in the northern city of Bangkalan, precisely in the village Buduran Arosbaya District of Bangkalan. Rato Ebu tomb is the tomb of a noble woman named Syarifah Ambami. According to historical documents, mentioned that Syarifah Ambami are descendants of Sunan Giri Gresik to 5. He dipersunting by Prince tjakraningrat I which is also the adopted son of Sultan Agung Mataram. It is said that since the War of 1624 Mataram, Madura ruled by Sultan Agung. Then he wants Prince tjakraningrat I ruled Madura overall. The king's command was carried out with full responsibility.

Although Madura into his territory, but Prince tjakraningrat it rarely staying in Sampang. Moreover, the King of Mataram, Sultan Agung, still require energy to lead his kingdom in Java so that Prince tjakraningrat I often stay at the royal land of Java. Naturally, if the Queen Syarifah more staying in Kraton Sampang alone without the presence of her beloved husband. But Queen Syarifah is a female figure who devout and obedient to all commands of her husband. So to fill the empty time, Queen Syarifah is more popularly known as the Queen Mother spent more time to meditate on the hill in the village Seatu Buduran District of Arosbaya.

In Madura Tripe historical legend is told, that during the hermitage, the Queen Mother Syarifah always pray to Allah SWT. so that the male offspring could someday become the helm pemerinytahan in Madura. He hoped that the Government leaders held up to seven generations. Surprisingly in the legend was also told that one day in the hermitage, the Queen Mother of the Prophet Khidlir Syarifah met with the US. In a meeting that's just for a moment, it seemed all applications for the Queen Mother will be granted.

Felt hermitage is enough, then the Queen Mother Syarifah returned to the Palace Sampang. Not long after, her husband namely Paneran tjakraningrat I came on duty at the Kingdom Mataram.sebagai faithful wife, of course Queen Syarifah greet him with pleasure. He even tells what happened during imprisoned, including any indication that the application to derivatives would lead the Government in Madura also granted he told the cascading.

Hear the narrative of the Syarifah Queen, Prince tjakraningrat I get angry, he was very disappointed with his statement. Conversely Prince tjakraningrat I asked angrily, "Why are you just begging for seven generations, should the tututan we should rule in Madura forever!", Retorted the Prince tjakraningrat I to Queen Syarifah. Women and even then only bowed his head.

After the death of her husband, who was assigned to Mataram, Syarifah Queen back to the Village Buduran to be imprisoned. In the hermitage that the queen mother begged seaminya desire to make all his descendants could be the leader of Government in Madura.siang night the Queen Mother to ask Allah SWT. in order to be granted the hope of her husband, she pleaded as she continued to cry. This was done to death in the Hermitage, in a state of crying.

Pertapannya place that the Queen Mother was buried. That is why, the tomb is known as the Tomb of the Queen Mother or Aer Mata. Dikompleks Pasarean Aer Mata was also buried kings of Madura, it turns out the ancient buildings with architectural style of high value they can attract foreign and domestic tourists. No less interesting than the architectural grandeur of Borobudur temple in Java or another.

It is said that according to legend history mentions that the construction of the building stood in the 15th century or 16th-organized, with no means of adhesive cement. Starting from the headstone, grave framework, all beautifully carved white stone like marble taken from locations around the tomb. One of the cemetery caretaker, said that pilgrims who come year after year there is an increase. Surprisingly, despite the many pilgrims who come fro, yet complex pasarean it still looks clean and well maintained impressed.

Prominent beauty and high artistic value lies in three 'cupola' main tomb measuring 40 x 20, which is the tomb of Queen mother Syarifah Ambami, Panembahan tjakraningrat tjakraningrat II and III. Likewise 'cupola' on tomb Panembahan tjakraningrat V, VI and VII-called title Tjakradiningrat I. So naturally, when the rarity and beauty of the value of art and architecture at Pasarean Aer Mata into the Government's attention, then in 1975 the complex Pasarean be included Aer Mata in competitions and art exhibitions Archeological heritage architecture in Asia represent Indonesia. The result got the highest score.

Since then Pasarean Aer Mata in Bangkalan Regency is not only known domestic tourists, but foreign tourists arrive, in addition to tourists, also the scientific disciplines such as archeology, anthropology and history, they come from inside and outside the country, making complex Pasarean Aer eye as scientific research , What is interesting to be used as research material, because of the style of architecture and sculpture in Aer Mata has a characteristic mix of Hinduism, Buddhism and Islam.

Pasarean Aer Mata earlier in 1970 and in danger of collapse. Among the three main cupola as a buffer fragile, some "The highlight" (decoration fence) a lot of tumbling around the complex, because it is not maintained. Then in 1978, Head of the Department of Education Bangkalan which was held by Mrs. Today Siyanto report on the condition of historic sites in Bangkalan to the central government. Apparently the report was so well recognized that the restoration in 1979 and 1987 and was inaugurated by the Minister of Education Prof. Dr. Fuad Hasan.

There are five cupola restoration, among others:

I cupola

There are 20 tombs, including the tomb of Queen mother Syarifah Ambami.

cupola II

There are 46 tombs, including the tomb of Prince tjakraningrat II and IV.

cupola III

There are 24 tombs including the tomb of Panembahan Tjakra Adingrat I, PPA tjakraningrat (Wali Negoro), and RA. Moh. Roslan tjakraningrat who died on December 23, 1976.

cupola IV

There are 11 graves Hero Member makamdiantaranya Mloyo.

cupola V

There are 10 tombs and the two of them there is the tomb of Colonel Suryo Adiningrat and Mas Ayu Aminah.

Sultan Agung Bangkalan

sena, son of the Prince of Central Arosbaya Sentomerto accompanied Prince, brother of his mother, who came from Sampang, brought by Panembahan Savior Kitting along with 1,000 other Sampang to Mataram. In Mataram Prasena accepted gladly by Sultan Agung, which sekanjutnya raised as a child.

In fact, kemnudian Prasena crowned as ruler of Madura who holds Cakraningrat I. He was awarded a cash prize of 20 thousand guilders and entitled to wear gold-colored oversized umbrella. Instead, Cakraningrat I required to be present in Mataram once a year. Because in addition to being the ruler of Madura, he also had important tasks in Mataram. While the government in Sampang entrusted to Prince Santomerto.

Cakraningrat I later married the sister of Sultan Agung, but until his wife died he had no offspring. Then Cakraningrat I was married to the Queen Mother, who was a descendant of Sunan Giri. From this time he menmpunyai marriage three children, namely RA Atmojonegoro, R Undagan and Queen Mertoparti. While his concubines he got nine children, one of whom is Demang Melaya.

After the death of Sultan Agung in 1645 which was later replaced by Amangkurat I Cakraningrat have to face the rebellion of Prince Alit, brother of the king. Kris puncture Satan Kober owned by Prince Alit cause Cakraningrat I died instantly. Similarly, the RA Atmojonegoro son, when he saw his father killed him immediately attacked the Prince Alit, but he suffer the same fate as his father.

Cakraningrat I is replaced by Undagan. As with Cakraningrat I, Undagan who holds Cakraningrat II also spent more time in Mataram. In his reign, there was a revolt Demat Melaya son named Trunojoyo to Mataram.

Rebellion Trunojoyo Cakraningrat II begins with the kidnapping and then banished him to Lodaya Kediri. Trunojoyuo uprising has the support of the people of Madura. Because Cakraningrat II rated folk Madura Madura government has ignored.

The strength of the camp Trunojoyo quite hefty, as he successfully cooperated with Prince Kejoran and Kraeng Galesong of Mataram. In fact, Trunojoyo marry his daughter to the son of Kraeng Galesong, fatherly bonding.

1674 Trunojoyo seized power in Madura, he proclaimed himself King of Madura Merdeka west, and felt himself in line with the rulers of Mataram. Various victories continue to reach, for example, his victory over the forces of Makassar (May 1676) and the October 1676 Trunojoyo win over Mataram forces led by the Duke Anom.

Furthermore Trunojoyo wear the new title is Panembahan Maduretna. Pressures on Trunojoyo and troops increasingly severe since Mataram signed a cooperation agreement with the Company, dated 20 March 1677. Unexpectedly Trunojoyo successfully stormed the capital Mataram, Plered. So Amangkurat had to get away to the west, and died before he arrived in Batavia.

Fortress Trunojoyo little by little can be controlled by the VOC. Trunojoyo finally gave up on the slopes of Mount Kelud on December 27, 1679. With the extinction of pemberonrtakan Trunojoyo. VOC again raised Cakraningrat II as ruler in Madura, because VOC feel Cakraningrat has been credited with helping the prince Puger against Amangkurat III, so that Prince succeeded to the throne degree Puger Pakubowono I. Power Cakraningrat in Madura is limited to Bangkalan and Sampang Blega.

Madura government originally exist in Sampang, by Cakraningrat II moved to Tonjung Bangkalan. The most famous being Panembahan Sidhing Kamal, when he died in Kamal in 1707, when he came home from Mataram to Madura at the age of 80 years. Raden Tumenggung Sosrodiningrat take the place of his father as Regent Madura west with a degree Cakraningrat III.

Suatau when a dispute between Cakraningrat-law, Pamekasan Regent named Arya Adikara. To deal with the forces of Pamekasan, Cakraningrat III asked for help from the army Bali. Madura Cakraningrat future is really turbulent, there are many wars and uprisings in Madura.

Tumenggung Cakraningrat Surahadiningrat which sent troops to face the invading forces Cakraningrat Pamekasan turns himself with the help of troops Sumenep. Even Cakraningrat died, upheaval in Madura still happening.

Cakraningrat III is replaced by Timenggung Surahadiningrat with Cakraningrat title IV. Early Cakraningrat IV administration colored a lot of chaos. Bali troops under the leadership of Dewa Ketut previously called by Cakaraningrat III, comes with carry 1000 soldiers.

Know that asking for help is dead and the situation has changed, the troops attacked Tonjung Bali. Cakraningrat browsing Arya Surabaya ordered her to drive out troops Cakranegara Bali. But Dewa Ketut managed to persuade Cakranegara to backfire Cakraningrat IV. But with the help of VOC, Cakranoingrat IV drove off Arya Cakranegara and Bali.

Then he moved the seat of government to Sambilangan. Suatau famous event with Geger Pacina (uprising of Chinese society) also spread to Mataram. Cakraningrat IV cooperate with coalition combat VOC Mataram and Chinese. But the close relationship between Madura premises VOC is not lasting. Cakraningrat declare war with the VOC because VOC has repeatedly violated the agreed appointment.

By working with the forces Mengui Bali, Cakraningrat defeated and occupied Sedayu VOC, Lamongan and Tuban Jipang. Cakranoingrat also managed to invite the Regent of Surabaya, Pamekasan and Sumenep to ally against the VOC. But Cakraningrat seems to have to accept defeat, as VOC troops deployed in large numbers. Cakraningrat and two daughters escaped to Banjarmasin, but by King Bajarmasin he was arrested and handed over to the VOC.

Cakraningrat exiled to Kaap de Goede Hoop (Tanjung Award). and died in exile, so he is also known by the name of Panembahan Sidengkap

Islam in Madura

As pointed out above that Sunan Giri who spread Islam in Madura Island, but before it has a lot of Muslim merchants from Gujarat transiting eg dipelabuhan-coast ports of Madura, especially in ports Kalianget. Inter-action between the decades of the natives with the traders as newcomers certainly had an impact on the culture and their beliefs, recounted in an area near the village of Persanga in Sumenep come a broadcaster Islam.

He gave a lesson of Islam in Island Sumenep, we are told also that the students have been deemed able to get along agam Islam he then washed with water mixed with all kinds of flowers that smell very fragrant, bathed in so-called "e dusdus", because it where do the ceremony called the village "Padusan". This Padusan village including the village of Pamolokan Sumenep, teachers who give religious instruction was called "Sunan Padusan" according to his memoirs he descended from Arab father named Usman Haji, son of Raja Pandita brother of Sunan Ampel. At that time the people really like studying Islam thus affecting the king is prince Jokotole ago converted to Islam.

Sunan Padusan was then cast into a child-law Jokotole Sunan padusan residence was originally in the village and then moved kekeraton Padusan Batuputih. The spread of Islam continues to spread not only on the beaches of the island of Madura, but also to kepelosok-remote villages, because the residents of Madura until now virtually 99% are Muslims. Similarly, Arabic culture went into Madura shared the widespread Islamic. Therefore Hadrah art, harp, zamrah there until kepelosok-remote villages and hamlets that can be said is already a culture of Madura.