Culture Of Lombok Indonesia

Culture is a lifestyle that is growing in society and passed down from generation to generation. Therefore, culture has a very close relationship with the life of the community itself, it is confirmed by Melville J. Herskovits and Bronislaw Malinowski which states that everything in society is determined by the culture of the communities themselves. From the opinion of some experts found also includes a cultural understanding complexity which includes knowledge, belief, art, morals, law, custom, also intellectual artistic statement that characterizes a society.

CUSTOM HOUSE  IN LOMBOK

According to the expert Antropolgi cateora, culture has several components such as material culture that refers to the creation of society, such as weapons or jewelry. Second, in the form of tangible nonmaterial culture fairy tales, songs or folklore in their respective regions in the archipelago. Third, the belief system that affects many people looking at life. Furthermore, the component that contains the value of aesthetics and language as a means of daily communication.

 In Indonesia, there are various tribes. The diversity created a culture that is different from one region to another, which became known by the name of the local culture which is then fused into a national culture. Indigenous peoples are essentially upholds the local culture as a cultural heritage of the ancestors. However, not infrequently local culture increasingly eroded because the younger generation is supposed to be the heir to leaning more alien cultures terhadapat new.

 The local culture with a variety of uniqueness and characteristics that exist, actually has a very strong charm. Preservation of indigenous culture and will enable visitors to study the local wisdom contained therein. And even the charm of the local culture often become a tourist attraction. In Lombok, for example, with the island's indigenous Sasak has a variety of unique culture. Some of them are the result of acculturation culture with Balinese and Javanese culture.

 Lombok Sasak culture can not be separated from the influence of the culture of Bali and Java. This is also confirmed by the historical background that says that once powerful kingdom of Bali around 1678 until 1849. With attention span long enough Bali power on Lombok it is not strange if acculturation two cultures, namely the local population and Bali gave birth to a new culture in sasak ethnic social life. For example in the field of traditional arts popple, which saw both a culture of mutual attraction and complement one another.

 Based on the record Van der Kraan, outside influences that go into Sasak culture also comes from Java. It is characterized by the emergence of Islam in the belief system of community life. Shape mixture of two cultures is evident in non-material component in the arts as Rudad Art Dance, Gamelan Tambourine, Wayang Sasak Cilokaq. The following will be described some examples of local cultures Sasak people of Lombok others.

Belief Systems and Languages

 Above we mentioned that the culture has several components, one of which is a belief system. Most people sasak embraced Islam. Second largest religion is Hindu widely embraced by-descent citizens of Bali. Some residents of Chinese descent to Christianity, and partly embraced Buddhism.

 For daily communication, language that is widely used is the language Sasak. However, in some areas such as in the municipality Mataram Lombok there are some villages that uses language Bali.

Wedding Traditions Sasak

 Examples of other Sasak culture Nyongkolan appear at the event, which is one of a series of wedding ceremony. Nyongkolan be a wedding party procession of the groom's house to the bride's house. The wedding party will be accompanied with the beat of traditional music Sasak called Beleq drum. This process is usually done late in the afternoon on Saturday and Sunday.

 The tetabuhan Beleq drum intended to convoy to public attention so that the objective of introducing Nyongkolan reached the bridal couple to the surrounding community. Additionally, Beleq drum also serves to accompany the event ngurisang (haircut baby), ngitanang (circumcision), begawe beleq (big ceremony), or for festival events such as birthdays or provinces. While in the old days, Beleq drum serves as the music that accompanies war knight Lombok when leaving or returning from the battlefield.

Beleq drum

Art of Lombok

Beleq drum is a traditional art that has grown very old and well known to the public Sasak tribe. In a way, traditional art drum Bedeq has experienced ups and downs of development. In fact, the very rapid development in recent years, the traditional art Beleq drum has to grow back into the arts are very popular in the whole society Sasak tribe.

Art Beleq drum has come to function as a complement to the culture and be one means revealer sublime meanings of culture. On the other hand, art Beleq drum has enormous potential as a medium of education for the community and as a one source of income for the country which itself can also improve the lives of the artists supporters.

Beleq drum artistry name is taken from one of the musical instruments used are two large and long drum. Beleq drum a traditional art form that we find today is the development of Balinese art form because of the influence that Tawaq-Tawaq. Changes in this art form first occurred around 1800 AD, when Anak Agung Gede Karang Asem Ngurang ruled in gumi Sasak.

 Previously, art Beleq drum consists only of a Jidur (large drum shaped beduq), a gong and a flute. Thus the influence of Balinese culture at the time, so this art equipment developed in accordance with the tools used in the art tawaq-tawaq. However, in order not to leave the values ​​of Islam, the artist Sasak at that time retaining a large drum shape that resembles beduq used in the mosque. In addition, the number of personnel used were limited to the number of 13 or 17 players. This number shows the number cycles of prayers. Similarly, the manner of play of these tools is the implementation of the implementation of the prayers and guidance live in a society with Islamic values.

 A drum group beleq usually consists of 15-17 people who usually all male - male. Beleq drum is actually one of the existing instruments in this dance. Beleq drum Known as one of the music is drum beleq (big drum). Beleq drum (big drum) is usually made of cowhide, scrap metal and wood that can reach more than one meter and carried on the shoulders of two players.

 In general, beleq drum (big drum) is painted black and white with a pattern of boxes - boxes. In Lombok the two colors do have symbolic meaning. Black is the symbol of justice and the white is a symbol of purity. In addition, also described as a black and white earth and sky are both described as a force to be always present in human life

Tari Rudat

 Rudat dance is a traditional dance that is still widely available on the island of Lombok. Performed by 13 dancers who dress up like soldiers. Long-sleeved yellow shirt, blue knee-length pants, long berkopiah like Aladin red-ridden white cloth or so-called fez. They are led by a commander who wore like a crown cap, complete with sword in hand.

This dance is usually performed during a circumcision ceremony, katam Qur'an, the Prophet's Birthday Ascension warning, and the warning days other Islamic holidays.

 Tari Rudat danced while singing a song melody and rhythm as Malay songs. The poetry there is in Arabic and some are in Indonesian language. Tari Rudat accompanied by a number of musical instruments consisting of jidur tambourine, tambourine, dap, mandolin and violin. Rudat dance movement is a movement martial art that describes the attitude of vigilant and alert the Islamic warriors of the past.

That is, they use a lot of hand gestures and foot. Some hand swung left and right, sometimes like a wave, but at other times they perform punching and kicking movements.

 Indeed, the origins of art rudat is still not so clear. Some argue that rudat art is an outgrowth of the remembrance of the times and Burdah, namely remembrance with martial arts movements. Burdah is singing to the accompaniment of tambourines set of large size.

 Others say, this dance is said to come from Turkey that goes along with the spread of Islam in Indonesia in the XV century. That is why, this dance is evident the color of Islam, especially in the songs and music. In the East Lombok can be encountered and witnessed in almost all districts.

Martial Arts Perisaian

 Sasak traditional arts are pretty much under the spotlight is Perisaian culture. Although in ancient times used as a dance caller perisaian rain, now perisaian has developed into a folk games organized in the form of a race event held from village level to the district. This martial art uses stranding (rattan) as weapons and ende (shield) made of deerskin or cow. Pepadu players called, consists of two teenagers or adults who then collided skills. A sign of victory over an opponent from a pepadu is if successfully hit an opponent on his head until the leak (dripping).

 Rarang Woven fabrics of Lombok in the Craftsman Village Sukarara a songket weaving craft villages producing the famous Lombok. The location is outside lane country road, Jonggot sub-district, Central Lombok. The journey to this village can be reached by public transport from Bertais to Praya and down when approaching until PUYUNG. Can then proceed with the services of motorcycle taxi to Sukarara. The village is about 25 km from the city of Mataram. It is advisable, when visiting this village should use private vehicles or leased, given that public transport is rare to encounter.

 As known earlier that Sukarara is the largest songket production centers in Lombok. It has become part of the commodity to explore the overseas market. Songket is a woven fabric which is made by adding the weft with the trappings of synthetic yarn gold, silver, and other colors. The decoration was inserted between the warp yarns. Sometimes ornament can be beads, shells, and coins.

 On arrival at Sukarara, then visitors will be greeted by women dressed in traditional Sasak. They readily demonstrate their skills in weaving. Some stores are usually spectacle techniques of weaving songket, it can be directly viewed by the visitors. Such techniques are traditional techniques simple still done by craftsmen, ranging from processing threads (using weights that playing around with the fingers, ballast is shaped like a top made of wood), to be a piece of cloth colorful. Visitors who are interested can participate tried to weave such as women sasak it.

 Average woven fabric done at home (home industry). Almost every house has its own loom. However, only acted by professional weavers only the women, while the men work as farmers in the fields. There is a tradition unique to this songket, women who want to marry are required to give a woven fabric of its own to the couple. If not able to make songket, then women are not allowed to marry. However, when the desperate wish to get married as well, then the woman would be fined. Fines can be in cash or in rice yields.

 Songket motifs offered is diverse, including a chicken motif, flower motif eight, four flower motifs, begambar gecko motif that is a symbol of luck, pakerot shaped horizontal motif, the motif trudak colored violet, and much more. Each motif has its own meaning.

Sukarara village also produces weaving. Ikat/Belt is very simple materials that are made from cotton. Production time does not take a long time, just one day can complete ikat weavers 3 meters. Prices also vary depending ikat fabric dye, if it is made from the chemical dye is priced starting at 100,000, while the fabric made from natural dyes then the price pegged from the range of the price of 150,000.

Weaving songketnya prices also vary according to the size, complexity, and raw materials used. Cheapest price found 50,000 small for the size of a tablecloth, while for shawls, scarves and headbands can be priced at around Rp. 100,000. Woven fabrics combined with gold thread could be worth around Rp.1,5 millions to Rp.2,5 millions or more.

 One Sasak culture in Lombok is a tradition Bau Nyale. This is one of the traditions and identity of the Sasak tribe. Therefore, this tradition is still carried out by the Sasak tribe until now. Bau Nyale usually done by people who live in coastal areas in the south of Lombok island, especially on the south coast of East Lombok as Sungkin beach, beach Kaliantan, and District Jerowaru.

Moreover, also conducted in Central Lombok like Seger beach, Kuta, and the surrounding coastline. When did this tradition is usually also equipped with a variety of entertainment companion.

 Bau Nyale always done routinely every year. This tradition has actually been done long ago and done for generations. Unfortunately, when the certainty of the initiation of this tradition is still unknown. Based on the entire text, Bau Nyale start known to the public and inherited since before the 16th century Nyale smell coming from Sasak language. In the language Sasak, Bau means catch while Nyale is the name of a type of marine worm. So as the name suggests, this tradition nyale capture activities in the sea.

Bau Nyale tradition usually held twice a year. This tradition was a couple of days corresponding full moon is on the 19th and 20th months of 10 and 11 in the calendar Sasak. The date usually falls in February and March. Nyale catching worms ceremony is divided into two views of the moon release nyale-nyale from the sea and the time of his arrest. Judging from the time of arrest is still subdivided into pemboyak and jelo jelo spill. Month discharge nyale known nyale stumps and nyale photograph. Nyale tunggak is nyale-nyale a discharge in tenth while nyale photograph discharge at the eleventh hour. Most nyale-nyale out when nyale stump. Therefore, many people who catch nyale when the 10th month. People catch nyale usually just before dawn. At that time, nyale swim to the surface of the sea. That's when people catch the nyale-nyale.

Marine worm called Nyale is included in the annelid phylum. Nyale live in holes rock that is below sea level. Uniquely, the worms Nyale only come to the surface only twice a year.

 Tradition Bau Nyale is an activity that is linked to the local culture. Nyale odor originated from a local legend behind the story of Princess Mandalika. According to public confidence in Lombok, nyale said to be the incarnation of Princess Mandalika. Mandalika daughter told a beautiful daughter and virtuous pekerinya. Because beauty and kindness, many kings and princes who fall in love with her and wanted to make it as empress. The daughter was confused and could not determine his choice. He was very confused. If he chooses one of them, he feared going to war. A good daughter does not want war because he did not want people to become victims.

For that reason, more pub daughter sacrificing herself by throwing herself into the sea and turned into nyale colorful. Therefore, people here believe that nyale not just ordinary marine worms, but a creature that is believed to bring prosperity to those who catch it. People here meghormati and believe that those who ignore it will have misfortune. They believe nyale can make them more fertile agricultural land and obtain satisfactory yields. In addition, nyale also used for side dishes, medicine and other necessities that are magical in accordance trust each.

culinary Lombok

 A prominent feature in the menus Lombok cuisine is spicy flavor. This is because some famous menu like Nasi PUYUNG, pelecing kale, pelecing Manok also Ayam Taliwang is dominated by spicy flavor.

But there are also other menus such sweet snacks Kelepon Kecerit. Snacks made from rice flour and brown sugar is generally green and spherical. There was a small explosion sensation that makes the liquid brown sugar in it squirt (kecerit) when bitten. Another typical menu is Ares often found at events begawe (party / big ceremony). Ares made from banana stems hearts of the youngest, a small cut and then flavored. In addition to the use of yeast beleq, ie full term in fermented seasoning Sasak, Ares also require long cooking process. That is why this menu sometimes only found in certain events such as marriage, birth or death.